sun Technical Training NOTE

　　drwxrxrx root bin Apr : apache
　　rwxrr root sys Apr : asppp cf
　　
　　第一位－指正式的文件
　　c 指字符設備每個磁盤的塊大小為個字節
　　b 指塊設備每個塊設備的塊的大小隨著分區的大小變化但是UFS文件系統的每個塊是k
　　
　　Logical Disk Device Names
　　
　　/dev/[ r] dsk/ c# t# d# s#
　　c#控制器號
　　t#通道號
　　d#驅動器號
　　s#分片號見下面的描述
　　－ Partition or (slice number) Valid numbersare －
　　Tag = UNASSIGNED = USR Describes the file system
　　= BOOT = BACKUP mounted on this partition
　　= ROOT = VAR
　　= SWAP = HOME
　　
　　/etc/path_ to_ inst記錄著啟動時每個設備的實例名物理名
　　只在啟動時讀一下並被內核管理
　　prtconf
　　顯示系統配置
　　系統文件的層次及含義
　　
　　/ The root of the overall file system name space
　　/bin The directory location for standard system commands or binary files
　　/dev The primary location for logical device names
　　/devices The primary location for physical device names
　　/etc Host specific system administrative configuration files and databases
　　/export The default directory for commonly shared file systems
　　/home The default directory or mount point for users home directories
　　/kernel The directory of platform independent loadable kernel modules
　　required as part of the boot process
　　/opt The default directory or mount point for addon application packages
　　/platform The directory of platform dependent loadable kernel modules
　　/sbin Essential executables used in the booting process and in manual system
　　failure recovery
　　/tmp Temporary files; cleared during the boot sequence
　　/usr The directory for programs scripts and libraries used by all system users
　　/var The directory for varying files which usually includes temporary logging
　　or status files
　　/mnt A convenient temporary mount point for file systems
　　
　　幾種文件系統的含義及歷史
　　UFS
　　 UNIX file system based on the BSD Fast File system is the default diskbased file
　　system for the Solaris operating environment
　　
　　?HSFS
　　 High Sierra Rock Ridge and ISO file system Solaris HSFS is used on CDROMs
　　and provide all UFS file system features and file types
　　
　　?PCFS
　　 PC file system which allows read/ write access to data and programs on DOSformatted
　　disks written for DOSbased personalcomputers
　　
　　?UDF
　　 The UDF file system the industrystandard format for storing information on the optical
　　media technology called DVD (Digital Versatile Disc or Digital Video Disc)
　　
　　
　　NetworkBased File Systems
　　?Networkbased file systems can be accessed over the network NFS is
　　the only available networkbased or distributed computing file system
　　
　　 Virtual File Systems
　　?Virtual file systems are memorybased file systems that provide access
　　to special kernel information and facilities
　　 The Cache File System
　　
　　?The Cache File System (CacheFS) can be used to improve performance
　　of remote file systems or slow devices such as CDROM drives When a
　　file system is cached the data read from the remote file system or CD
　　ROM is stored in a cache on the local system
　　
　　 The Temporary File System
　　?The Temporary File System (TMPFS) uses local memory for file system
　　reads and writes which is typically much faster than a UFS file system
　　?TMPFS use the swap space on a disk
　　
　　The Process File System
　　?The Process File System (PROCFS) resides in memory It contains a list
　　of active processes by process number in the /proc directory
　　
　　 The Loopback File System
　　?The Loopback File System (LOFS) lets you create a new virtual file
　　system so you can access files by using an alternative path name
　　
　　磁盤基本概念
　　Lable( VTOC)
　　?Volume Table of Content No disk sector( B)
　　
　　 Boot block
　　?Stores the procedures used in booting the system
　　?The boot block is left blank if a file system not to be used for booting
　　?In the next disk sectors
　　
　　 Superblock
　　?Detailed information ablout the file system
　　?Size and status of file system
　　?Date and time of the last update
　　?Cylinder group size
　　?Number of date blocks in cylinder group
　　?Path name and last mount point
　　?In the next disk sectors
　　
　　Inode
　　?All information about a file except its name which is kept in a directory
　　?An inode is byte
　　 Type of the file ( File/ Directory/ Block special/ Character special/ Symbolic link/ pipe/ Socket)
　　 The mode of the file( readwriteexecute permissions)
　　
　　
　　
　　讀磁盤的 VTOC 信息
　　
　　# prtvtoc /dev/ rdsk/ ctds
　　
　　PROM的概念
　　 PROM
　　?Each Sun system has a boot PROM chip This KB chip is typically located
　　on the same board as the CPU
　　?The main functions of the boot PROM are to test the system hardware and
　　boot the operating system
　　 Number of hard link
　　 User ID and group ID
　　 Number of bytes of the file
　　 An array of data block address
　　 The date and time of the file
　　
　　 Data block
　　?The rest of the space allocated to the file system
　　?By default KB block size KB fragment size
　　
　　NVRAM的概念
　　
　　?The NVRAM is KB of nonvolatile random access memory This is a
　　pluggable chip that is often located on the main system board
　　?The NVRAM stores the Ethernet address host ID and the TOD clock A
　　single lithium battery within the NVRAM module provides battery backup
　　for the NVRAM and clock
　　?The NVRAM module also contains the EEPROM for the parameters that
　　have been changed or customized from the boot PROMdefault parameters
　　settings
　　?The userinterface commands and device aliases are stored in the NVRAM
　　
　　sun 機器的啟動過程
　　Prom>Run Post>Prom Load bootblk>Bootblk Load ufsBoot>ufsboot loads / bit kernel
　　>Kernel initializes Load modules start init process >start run rc scripts
　　
　　 bit kernel
　　/platform/ uname m/ kernel/ genunix
　　/platform/ uname m/ kernel/ unix
　　
　　 bit kernel
　　/platform/ uname m/ kernel/ sparcv/ genunix
　　/platform/ uname m/ kernel/ sparcv/ unix
　　
　　Module directories
　　/kernel
　　/usr/ kernel
　　/platform/ uname m/ kernel
　　/platform/ uname i/ kernel
　　
　　sun 的運行級別
　　Level Powerdown state
　　Level S or s Singleuser state 單用戶狀態掛上所有的文件系統
　　Level Administrative state 管理員狀態
　　Level Multiuser state 多用戶狀態運行大部分服務不運行NFS服務
　　Level Multiuser state with NFS resources shared 多用戶狀態運行全部服務
　　Level Alternative multiuser state 通常不支持
　　Level Powerdown state
　　Level Reboot state
　　
　　看當前的運行級別
　　who r
　　
　　The /etc/inittab 記錄了啟動的級別
　　內容格式
　　id: rstate: action: process
　　s: : wait:/ sbin/ rc >/ dev/ msglog <> /dev/ msglog 　　| |
　　|___________|__ Run levels to which this entry applies
　　|
　　|______運行腳本
　　
　　啟動運行腳本
　　所有的運行腳本在/sbin下的rc rc rc rc rc rc rc等目錄下每個腳本目錄針
From:http://tw.wingwit.com/Article/program/Java/JSP/201311/19456.html