RMAN的備份及恢復-丟失所有控制文件

　　數據庫基本信息

　　[oracle@standby oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL*Plus: Release Production on Wed Mar ::

　　Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation  All rights reserved

　　Connected to:
　　Oraclei Enterprise Edition Release Production
　　With the Partitioning option
　　JServer Release Production

　　SQL> select name from v$datafile;

　　NAME
　　
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/systemdbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbsdbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/usersdbf

　　SQL> archive log list;
　　Database log mode　　      Archive Mode
　　Automatic archival　　     Enabled
　　Archive destination　　    /opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive
　　Oldest online log sequence    
　　Next log sequence to archive  
　　Current log sequence　　  
　　SQL> select name from v$archived_log;

　　NAME
　　
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf

　　NAME
　　
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf

　　 rows selected

　　SQL> select name from v$controlfile;

　　NAME
　　
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/controlctl
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/controlctl
　　/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/controlctl

　　SQL> exit
　　Disconnected from Oraclei Enterprise Edition Release Production
　　With the Partitioning option
　　JServer Release Production

　　啟用控制文件的自動備份

　　[oracle@standby oracle]$ rman target /

　　Recovery Manager: Release Production

　　Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation  All rights reserved

　　connected to target database: PRIMARY (DBID=)

　　RMAN> configure controlfile autobackup on;

　　using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
　　new RMAN configuration parameters:
　　CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
　　new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored

　　RMAN> exit

　　Recovery Manager complete

　　執行RMAN全備份

　　[oracle@standby oracle]$ ls
　　g  admin  dictionaryora  initprimaryora  jre  oradata  oraInventory  oui
　　[oracle@standby oracle]$ mkdir orabak
　　[oracle@standby oracle]$ rman target /

　　Recovery Manager: Release Production

　　Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation  All rights reserved

　　connected to target database: PRIMARY (DBID=)

　　RMAN> run {
　　> backup database
　　> format /opt/oracle/orabak/full_%d_%T_%s
　　> plus archivelog
　　> format /opt/oracle/orabak/arch_%d_%T_%s
　　> delete all input; }

　　Starting backup at MAR
　　current log archived
　　using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
　　allocated channel: ORA_DISK_
　　channel ORA_DISK_: sid= devtype=DISK
　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting archive log backupset
　　channel ORA_DISK_: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting piece at MAR
　　channel ORA_DISK_: finished piece at MAR
　　piece handle=/opt/oracle/orabak/arch_PRIMARY__ comment=NONE
　　channel ORA_DISK_: backup set complete elapsed time: ::
　　channel ORA_DISK_: deleting archive log(s)
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　Finished backup at MAR

　　Starting backup at MAR
　　using channel ORA_DISK_
　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting full datafile backupset
　　channel ORA_DISK_: specifying datafile(s) in backupset
　　input datafile fno= name=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/systemdbf
　　input datafile fno= name=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbsdbf
　　input datafile fno= name=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/usersdbf
　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting piece at MAR
　　channel ORA_DISK_: finished piece at MAR
　　piece handle=/opt/oracle/orabak/full_PRIMARY__ comment=NONE
　　channel ORA_DISK_: backup set complete elapsed time: ::
　　Finished backup at MAR

　　Starting backup at MAR
　　current log archived
　　using channel ORA_DISK_
　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting archive log backupset
　　channel ORA_DISK_: specifying archive log(s) in backup set
　　input archive log thread= sequence= recid= stamp=
　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting piece at MAR
　　channel ORA_DISK_: finished piece at MAR
　　piece handle=/opt/oracle/orabak/arch_PRIMARY__ comment=NONE
　　channel ORA_DISK_: backup set complete elapsed time: ::
　　channel ORA_DISK_: deleting archive log(s)
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive/_dbf recid= stamp=
　　Finished backup at MAR

　　Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at MAR
　　piece handle=/opt/oracle/product//dbs/c comment=NONE
　　Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at MAR

　　RMAN> exit

　　Recovery Manager complete

　　移除所有控制文件及數據文件

　　[oracle@standby oracle]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL*Plus: Release Production on Wed Mar ::

　　Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation  All rights reserved

　　Connected to:
　　Oraclei Enterprise Edition Release Production
　　With the Partitioning option
　　JServer Release Production

　　SQL> shutdown immediate;
　　Database closed
　　Database dismounted
　　ORACLE instance shut down
　　SQL> exit
　　Disconnected from Oraclei Enterprise Edition Release Production
　　With the Partitioning option
　　JServer Release Production
　　[oracle@standby oracle]$ cd oradata/
　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ ls
　　primary

　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ mv primary/ primarybak
　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ mkdir primary
　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ ls
　　primary  primarybak

　　從自動備份中恢復控制文件

　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ rman target /

　　Recovery Manager: Release Production

　　Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation  All rights reserved

　　connected to target database (not started)

　　RMAN> startup nomount;

　　Oracle instance started

　　Total System Global Area     bytes

　　Fixed Size　　　　      bytes
　　Variable Size　　　　 bytes
　　Database Buffers　　      bytes
　　Redo Buffers　　　　    bytes

　　RMAN> restore controlfile to /opt/oracle/oradata/controlctl from autobackup;

　　Starting restore at MAR

　　using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
　　allocated channel: ORA_DISK_
　　channel ORA_DISK_: sid= devtype=DISK
　　RMAN: ===========================================================
　　RMAN: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
　　RMAN: ===========================================================
　　RMAN: failure of restore command at // ::
　　RMAN: must explicitly specify DBID with SET DBID command

　　RMAN> set DBID=

　　executing command: SET DBID

　　RMAN> restore controlfile to /opt/oracle/oradata/controlctl from autobackup;

　　Starting restore at MAR

　　using channel ORA_DISK_
　　channel ORA_DISK_: looking for autobackup on day:
　　channel ORA_DISK_: autobackup found: c
　　channel ORA_DISK_: controlfile restore from autobackup complete
　　Finished restore at MAR

　　RMAN> exit

　　Recovery Manager complete

　　你可能需要修改spfile文件

　　當然如果文件位置等信息沒有變化就無需修改

　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL*Plus: Release Production on Wed Mar ::

　　Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation  All rights reserved

　　Connected to:
　　Oraclei Enterprise Edition Release Production
　　With the Partitioning option
　　JServer Release Production

　　SQL> create pfile from spfile;

　　File created

　　SQL> !
　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
　　[oracle@standby dbs]$ vi initprimaryora

　　*aq_tm_processes=
　　*background_dump_dest=/opt/oracle/admin/primary/bdump
　　patible=
　　ntrol_files=/opt/oracle/oradata/controlctl
　　re_dump_dest=/opt/oracle/admin/primary/cdump
　　*db_block_size=
　　*db_cache_size=
　　*db_domain=
　　*db_file_multiblock_read_count=
　　*db_name=primary
　　*fast_start_mttr_target=
　　*hash_join_enabled=TRUE
　　*instance_name=primary
　　*java_pool_size=
　　*job_queue_processes=
　　*large_pool_size=
　　*log_archive_dest_=LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive
　　*log_archive_format=%t_%sdbf
　　*log_archive_start=true
　　*open_cursors=
　　*pga_aggregate_target=
　　*processes=
　　*query_rewrite_enabled=FALSE
　　*remote_login_passwordfile=EXCLUSIVE
　　*resource_manager_plan=SYSTEM_PLAN
　　*shared_pool_size=
　　*sort_area_size=
　　*star_transformation_enabled=FALSE
　　*timed_statistics=TRUE
　　*undo_management=AUTO
　　*undo_retention=
　　*undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS
　　*user_dump_dest=/opt/oracle/admin/primary/udump
　　*utl_file_dir=/opt/oracle
　　~
　　~
　　~
　　~
　　~
　　initprimaryora L C written
　　[oracle@standby dbs]$ exit
　　exit

　　SQL> shutdown immediate;
　　ORA: database not mounted

　　ORACLE instance shut down
　　SQL> create spfile from pfile;

　　File created

　　SQL> startup mount;
　　ORACLE instance started

　　Total System Global Area  bytes
　　Fixed Size　　　　   bytes
　　Variable Size　　     bytes
　　Database Buffers　　   bytes
　　Redo Buffers　　　　 bytes
　　Database mounted
　　SQL> exit
　　Disconnected from Oraclei Enterprise Edition Release Production
　　With the Partitioning option
　　JServer Release Production

　　使用rman進行恢復

　　[oracle@standby oradata]$ rman target /

　　Recovery Manager: Release Production

　　Copyright (c) Oracle Corporation  All rights reserved

　　connected to target database: PRIMARY (DBID=)

　　RMAN> restore database;

　　Starting restore at MAR

　　using target database controlfile instead of recovery catalog
　　allocated channel: ORA_DISK_
　　channel ORA_DISK_: sid= devtype=DISK
　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting datafile backupset restore
　　channel ORA_DISK_: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
　　restoring datafile to /opt/oracle/oradata/primary/systemdbf
　　restoring datafile to /opt/oracle/oradata/primary/undotbsdbf
　　restoring datafile to /opt/oracle/oradata/primary/usersdbf
　　channel ORA_DISK_: restored backup piece
　　piece handle=/opt/oracle/orabak/full_PRIMARY__ tag=TAGT params=NULL
　　channel ORA_DISK_: restore complete
　　Finished restore at MAR

　　RMAN> recover database;

　　Starting recover at MAR
　　using channel ORA_DISK_

　　starting media recovery

　　channel ORA_DISK_: starting archive log restore to default destination
　　channel ORA_DISK_: restoring archive log
　　archive log thread= sequence=
　　channel ORA_DISK_: restored backup piece
　　piece handle=/opt/oracle/orabak/arch_PRIMARY__ tag=TAGT params=NULL
　　channel ORA_DISK_: restore complete
　　archive log filename=/opt/oracle/oradata/primary/archive_dbf thread= sequence=
　　unable to find archive log
　　archive log thread= sequence=
　　RMAN: ===========================================================
　　RMAN: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
　　RMAN: ===========================================================
　　RMAN: failure of recover command at // ::
　　RMAN: media recovery requesting unknown log: thread scn

　　RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

　　database opened

　　RMAN>

　　至此恢復完成

From:http://tw.wingwit.com/Article/program/Oracle/201311/18221.html