Oracle創建實例的最少參數需求

　　我們知道Oracle在啟動過程中需要讀取參數文件(pfile/spfile)來創建實例Oracle在啟動過程中尋找參數文件的順序為:spfile<sid>oraspfileorainit<sid>ora

　　而創建實例的過程中Oracle需要的最少參數為一個即db_name參數

　　我們來看一個測試啟動一個任意設置的實例本例ORACLE_SID=julia:

　　[oracle@jumper dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=julia
[oracle@jumper dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

　　SQL*Plus: Release Production on Mon May ::

　　Connected to an idle instance

　　SQL> startup nomount;
ORA: failure in processing system parameters
LRM: could not open parameter file /opt/oracle/product//dbs/initjuliaora

　　Oracle最後檢查的文件為initjuliaora讓我們創建這個文件然後數據庫實例即可創建:

　　SQL> ! echo db_name=julia > /opt/oracle/product//dbs/initjuliaora

　　SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started

　　Total System Global Area   bytes
Fixed Size                   bytes
Variable Size              bytes
Database Buffers           bytes
Redo Buffers                 bytes

　　我們可以看一下缺省的各類文件的存儲地點:

　　SQL> show parameter dump_dest

　　NAME                                 TYPE                   VALUE

background_dump_dest                 string                 ?/rdbms/log
core_dump_dest                       string                 ?/dbs
user_dump_dest                       string                 ?/rdbms/log

　　SQL> show parameter control_files

　　NAME TYPE VALUE

control_files string ?/dbs/cntrl@dbf

　　我們順便看一下缺省的警報日志中記錄的信息:

[oracle@jumper dbs]$ cat $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/log/alert_julialog
Mon May ::
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
Mon May ::
WARNING: EINVAL creating segment of size x
fix shm parameters in /etc/system or equivalent
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION =
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING =
SCN scheme
Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
LICENSE_MAX_USERS =
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version:
System parameters with nondefault values:
db_name = julia
PMON started with pid=
DBW started with pid=
LGWR started with pid=
CKPT started with pid=
SMON started with pid=
RECO started with pid=
From:http://tw.wingwit.com/Article/program/Oracle/201311/16641.html