我們知道Oracle在啟動過程中需要讀取參數文件（pfile/spfile）來創建實例Oracle在啟動過程中尋找參數文件的順序為
spfile<sid>oraspfileorainit<sid>ora
而創建實例的過程中Oracle需要的最少參數為一個即db_name參數
我們來看一個測試啟動一個任意設置的實例本例ORACLE_SID=julia
oracle@jumper dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=julia
[oracle@jumper dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release
Production on Mon May ::
Copyright (c)
Oracle Corporation All rights reserved
Connected to an idle instance
SQL> startup nomount;
ORA: failure in
processing system parameters
LRM: could not open parameter
file /opt/oracle/product//dbs/initjuliaora
Oracle最後檢查的文件為initjuliaora讓我們創建這個文件然後數據庫實例即可創建
SQL> ! echo db_name=julia >
/opt/oracle/product//dbs/initjuliaora
SQL> startup nomount;
ORACLE instance started
Total System Global Area
bytes
Fixed Size
bytes
Variable Size
bytes
Database Buffers
bytes
Redo Buffers
bytes
我們可以看一下缺省的各類文件的存儲地點
SQL> show parameter dump_dest NAME TYPE VALUE
background_dump_dest string ?/rdbms/log
core_dump_dest string ?/dbs user_dump_dest
string ?/rdbms/log SQL> show parameter
control_files NAME TYPE VALUE
control_files string ?/dbs/cntrl@dbf
我們順便看一下缺省的警報日志中記錄的信息
oracle@jumper dbs]$ cat
$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/log/alert_julialog
Mon May ::
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
Mon May ::
WARNING: EINVAL creating
segment of size x
fix shm parameters in /etc/system or equivalent
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION =
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING =
SCN scheme
Using log_archive_dest parameter default value
LICENSE_MAX_USERS =
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up ORACLE RDBMS Version:
System parameters with nondefault values:
db_name = julia
PMON started with pid=
DBW started with pid=
LGWR started with pid=
CKPT started with pid=
SMON started with pid=
RECO started with pid=
From:http://tw.wingwit.com/Article/program/Oracle/201311/16596.html
